Sturm W, Dahmen W, Hartje W, Willmes K
Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr (1970). 1983;233(1):9-22. doi: 10.1007/BF00540034.
A program for the training of perceptual speed and attention with a duration of four weeks was developed and given to thirty brain damaged patients. In order to evaluate a possible generalization effect of the training all subjects were tested three times, i.e. at the beginning of the training, after four and after eight weeks with a series of 16 standardized psychometric tests. These comprised tasks which closely resembled the training procedures as well as tasks testing psychomotor functions in a broader sense and even tasks of reasoning and other intellectual functions. To test the different effects of training, spontaneous recovery and test repetition an experimental design with two groups of patients and two control groups was necessary. Only the groups of patients showed a significant and marked improvement in all tests which could neither be explained by spontaneous recovery nor by test repetition. The training effect proved to be stable after four weeks. The most marked improvement, however, was seen with those tasks most closely resembling the training procedures; in no case the performance level of the control groups was reached.
开发了一个为期四周的感知速度和注意力训练项目，并将其应用于30名脑损伤患者。为了评估训练可能产生的泛化效应，所有受试者都接受了三次测试，即在训练开始时、四周后和八周后，使用一系列16项标准化心理测量测试。这些测试包括与训练程序非常相似的任务，以及从更广泛意义上测试心理运动功能的任务，甚至还有推理和其他智力功能的任务。为了测试训练、自然恢复和测试重复的不同效果，需要采用两组患者和两个对照组的实验设计。只有患者组在所有测试中都表现出显著且明显的改善，这既不能用自然恢复也不能用测试重复来解释。四周后训练效果被证明是稳定的。然而，最显著的改善出现在与训练程序最相似的任务中；对照组的表现水平在任何情况下都未达到。
