Prince E O
Am J Public Health. 1978 Sep;68(9):865-71. doi: 10.2105/ajph.68.9.865.
The self-defined health status of welfare recipients hospitalized for illness during the preceding year was compared to that of persons not on welfare but hospitalized for illness during the same period. Data were derived from a systematic probability sample of household residents of the Harlem Hospital inpatient district population surveyed July 1967-June 1970. Welfare recipient respondents were more likely to perceive their health as fair/poor than were persons not on welfare. This difference persisted when the data were analyzed by sex, age, reported levels and type of illness, hospital days and number of stays, and current usual activity; usual activity was a major explanatory variable but only partially accounted for the relationship. It has been hypothesized that in achievement-oriented societies, illness may be used as justification for a culturally-induced sense of personal failure to fulfill socially prescribed role obligations. The data are consistent with this hypothesis.
将前一年因疾病住院的福利领取者自行定义的健康状况与同期未领取福利但因疾病住院的人员的健康状况进行了比较。数据来自于1967年7月至1970年6月对哈莱姆医院住院区人口的家庭居民进行的系统概率抽样调查。与未领取福利的人员相比，福利领取者受访者更有可能认为自己的健康状况为“一般/较差”。当按性别、年龄、报告的疾病水平和类型、住院天数和住院次数以及当前的日常活动对数据进行分析时，这种差异仍然存在；日常活动是一个主要的解释变量，但只能部分解释这种关系。据推测，在以成就为导向的社会中，疾病可能被用作一种文化诱导的个人未能履行社会规定角色义务的失败感的正当理由。数据与这一假设一致。
