Rambeaud J J, Faure G, Maudrux G, Davin J L, Revol M
J Urol (Paris). 1983;89(2):91-4.
The authors present 3 cases where the diagnosis of ectopic insertion of the ureter, responsible for incontinence, had been missed: -- 2 cases of refluxing urethral insertions, including 1 case of single ureter, -- 1 case of vaginal ectopic ureter with duplicity. The authors stress that an ectopic insertion of the ureter can be asymptomatic until adulthood when it may present as simply as urinary stress incontinence. The diagnosis is suggested by a history of incontinence developing since childhood, accompanied by radiological signs of pyeloureteric duplicity or a small atrophic kidney. When the diagnosis is missed, successive surgical treatments are bound to fail, while excision of the renal segment drained by the ectopic ureter results in cure.
作者介绍了3例因输尿管异位开口导致尿失禁而漏诊的病例：——2例为反流性尿道开口，其中1例为单输尿管；——1例为重复肾合并阴道异位输尿管。作者强调，输尿管异位开口在成年前可能无症状，成年后可能仅表现为压力性尿失禁。儿童期起病的尿失禁病史，伴有肾盂输尿管重复畸形或小萎缩肾的影像学表现，提示可能存在该诊断。若漏诊，后续手术治疗必然失败，而异位输尿管引流的肾段切除可治愈。
