Darimont T, Schwabe R, Sonneborn M, Schulze G
Int J Environ Anal Chem. 1983;14(1):1-9. doi: 10.1080/03067318308071603.
Nitrate is regarded as a substance whose presence in drinking water is not considered as desirable. If reduced to nitrite it may cause methomoglobinemia in infants. Onward reaction with amines capable of coupling will result in the formatin of nitrosamins. Excessive use of fertilizers in agriculture is the most frequent cause of elevated nitrate contents of drinking water. To quantify this problem, drinking water was sampled at taps at 200 sites arranged on a grid covering the wine-growing areas of Baden and Württember. These samples were examined for their content of nitrate, chloride, and sulphate by means of ion chromatography. Clearly elevated nitrate contents were revealed by the resuls of measurements: 13% of samples showed values above the maximal concentration admissible under the EC Drinking Water Directive of 50 mg NO-3/l and 42% above the EC guide level. The excessive levels were mostly found in the regions of Kaiserstuhl-Tuniberg-Markgräflerland and Württembergisch Unterland. Many samples with an elevated nitrateacontent exhibited also elevated sulphate contents. The high nitrate levels are attributed to the use of nitrogen fertilizers in the vineyards.
硝酸盐被视为一种其在饮用水中的存在不被认为是可取的物质。如果还原为亚硝酸盐，它可能会导致婴儿高铁血红蛋白血症。与能够偶联的胺进一步反应会导致亚硝胺的形成。农业中过度使用化肥是饮用水中硝酸盐含量升高的最常见原因。为了量化这个问题，在覆盖巴登和符腾堡葡萄酒种植区的网格上的200个地点的水龙头处采集了饮用水样本。通过离子色谱法对这些样本的硝酸盐、氯化物和硫酸盐含量进行了检测。测量结果显示硝酸盐含量明显升高：13%的样本显示的值高于欧盟饮用水指令规定的最大允许浓度50毫克NO₃⁻/升，42%的样本高于欧盟指导水平。超标水平大多出现在凯撒斯图尔-图尼伯格-马克格拉夫兰地区和符腾堡低地。许多硝酸盐含量升高的样本同时硫酸盐含量也升高。高硝酸盐水平归因于葡萄园使用氮肥。
