[Fatal high pressure barotrauma of the lungs with an air embolism in a female diver].

The presented work describes the first case of fatal air embolism during sport diving known in Czechoslovakia. Despite of morphological findings the work points out the biophysical grounds of overpressure lung barotrauma of the diver, together with its characteristic features. The work also describes the specific approach of medicolegal investigation of such kind of diving accident.