Van Duuren B L, Loewengart G, Seidman I, Smith A C, Melchionne S
Cancer Res. 1978 Oct;38(10):3236-40.
The flame retardants tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate, tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride, and polyvinyl bromide were tested for carcinogenic activity by skin application 3 times weekly in random-bred female ICR/Ha Swiss mice for 420 to 496 days. Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate at two dose levels (30 mg and 10 mg/application) induced benign and malignant tumors of the skin, forestomach, and oral cavity (tongue and gingiva) in a statistically significant number of mice (30/group). A statistically significant incidence of papillary tumors of the lung was observed at both dosages, and the higher dose also resulted in one mouse with a tubular adenoma of the kidney. Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride (2 mg/application, 60 mice) and polyvinyl bromide (0.1 ml latex suspension/application, 30 mice) were inactive. Polyvinyl bromide was also injected s.c. into another group of female ICR/Ha Swiss mice once weekly for 48 weeks, and the mice were observed for a total of 60 weeks. Liposarcomas were induced in 19 of 30 mice, which was ascribed to physical carcinogenesis. Appropriate solvent and no-treatment control groups were included.
通过每周3次对随机繁殖的雌性ICR/Ha瑞士小鼠进行皮肤涂抹，持续420至496天，对阻燃剂磷酸三（2,3 - 二溴丙基）酯、四羟甲基氯化磷和聚氯乙烯溴化物的致癌活性进行了测试。两种剂量水平（每次涂抹30毫克和10毫克）的磷酸三（2,3 - 二溴丙基）酯在统计学上使大量小鼠（每组30只）诱发了皮肤、前胃和口腔（舌头和牙龈）的良性和恶性肿瘤。在两种剂量下均观察到肺部乳头状肿瘤的发生率具有统计学意义，且较高剂量还导致1只小鼠出现肾管状腺瘤。四羟甲基氯化磷（每次涂抹2毫克，60只小鼠）和聚氯乙烯溴化物（每次涂抹0.1毫升乳胶悬浮液，30只小鼠）无活性。聚氯乙烯溴化物还每周一次皮下注射到另一组雌性ICR/Ha瑞士小鼠中，持续48周，总共观察小鼠60周。30只小鼠中有19只诱发了脂肪肉瘤，这归因于物理致癌作用。实验纳入了适当的溶剂对照组和未处理对照组。
