Gannaway W L, Wilding D C, Siepler J K, King J H, Lee-Ow A
Clin Pharm. 1983 Mar-Apr;2(2):135-8.
The safety of administering phenytoin sodium by intermittent intravenous infusion was evaluated. Twenty-eight adult patients in a neurosurgical intensive-care unit were studied; most patients had head trauma. Ninety-three doses of phenytoin sodium 300 mg in 0.9% sodium chloride injection 50 ml were administered according to hospital-approved guidelines, which included administration over 30-60 minutes, initiation of infusion within one hour of solution preparation, and use of a 5-microns inline filter. All patients were monitored for adverse reactions and were on continuous ECG monitoring. Analysis of clinical data before and immediately after phenytoin infusions showed no statistically significant change in blood pressure and a small but significant drop in mean heart rate. There were no cases of hypotension, arrhythmias, bradycardia, or phlebitis. Single occurrences of hypertension, nystagmus, and pain at the i.v. site were noted. It is concluded that careful infusion of phenytoin sodium in 0.9% sodium chloride injection is safe. The use of approved written guidelines to govern important factors of preparation and administration are recommended.
对间歇性静脉输注苯妥英钠的安全性进行了评估。对神经外科重症监护病房的28例成年患者进行了研究；大多数患者有头部外伤。按照医院批准的指南给予93剂300毫克苯妥英钠溶于50毫升0.9%氯化钠注射液中，这些指南包括在30 - 60分钟内给药、在溶液配制后1小时内开始输注以及使用5微米的在线过滤器。所有患者均监测不良反应并持续进行心电图监测。苯妥英钠输注前后即刻的临床数据分析显示，血压无统计学显著变化，平均心率有小幅但显著下降。未出现低血压、心律失常、心动过缓或静脉炎病例。记录到单次出现高血压、眼球震颤和静脉穿刺部位疼痛。结论是，在0.9%氯化钠注射液中谨慎输注苯妥英钠是安全的。建议使用经批准的书面指南来规范配制和给药的重要因素。
