McLachlan E M
Exp Neurol. 1983 Sep;81(3):651-68. doi: 10.1016/0014-4886(83)90333-3.
The response of mouse soleus muscles to transection of the proximal tendon was examined at both gross and microscopic levels. Changes in length and mass of the muscle, and in the dimensions, number, and ATPase staining characteristics of the muscle fibers, were determined at various times to 4 to 6 weeks after tenotomy. Muscles shortened by more than 50% and lost about 60% of their mass. Fiber cross-sectional area increased, and then decreased and stabilized below control after 7 days, and degenerative lesions appeared in some fibers. Fiber numbers decreased by nearly 20% and then remained constant, apparently by regeneration of new fibers replacing atrophied ones. The proportion of muscle fibers of the slow-twitch type was reduced. No structural or functional changes in motor nerve terminals could be detected, except for detachment from severely atrophied fibers. Concurrent denervation decreased both shortening and the loss of mass after tenotomy. Fiber diameter decreased but no significant degenerative lesions or loss of fibers could be detected. Fiber-type composition was unchanged. These experiments provide quantitative information about the degenerative changes in tenotomized muscles without the variable complications arising from tendon reattachment. Comparison of the responses with those that follow transection of the Achilles tendon shows that the degree of atrophy is independent of the extent of active muscle shortening after tenotomy.
在大体和微观水平上研究了小鼠比目鱼肌对近端肌腱横断的反应。在跟腱切断术后4至6周的不同时间，测定了肌肉的长度和质量变化，以及肌纤维的尺寸、数量和ATP酶染色特性。肌肉缩短超过50%，质量损失约60%。纤维横截面积先增加，然后在7天后下降并稳定在对照水平以下，一些纤维出现退行性病变。纤维数量减少近20%，然后保持恒定，显然是通过新纤维的再生替代萎缩的纤维。慢肌纤维类型的比例降低。除了与严重萎缩的纤维分离外，未检测到运动神经末梢的结构或功能变化。同时进行去神经支配可减少跟腱切断术后的缩短和质量损失。纤维直径减小，但未检测到明显的退行性病变或纤维损失。纤维类型组成未改变。这些实验提供了关于切断肌腱后肌肉退行性变化的定量信息，而没有肌腱重新附着带来的可变并发症。将这些反应与跟腱切断后的反应进行比较表明，萎缩程度与跟腱切断术后活跃肌肉缩短的程度无关。
