Shimizu T, Fujishige S
J Biomed Mater Res. 1983 Jul;17(4):597-612. doi: 10.1002/jbm.820170405.
There is an urgent need to develop an efficient technique to remove urea from the blood or gastrointestinal tract of uremic patients. Activated charcoals have a low sorption capacity for urea although they effectively remove other uremic toxic substances. To provide an urea-reactive adsorbent, a chemically modified oxystarch with albumin or gelatin has been prepared. Elemental analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic analysis demonstrate that the reaction of a small amount of protein (albumin or gelatin) with oxystarch has taken place possibly by chemical combination. The influence of the dialdehyde content of the oxystarch on urea sorption, its sorption isotherm, and the adsorption rates have been investigated. It was found that the swelling factor of the oxystarch is closely related to the sorption activity under physiological conditions (pH 7.2-7.4 at 37 degrees C). Adsorption studies have shown that sorption capacity is increased by surface treatment and can reach 6-8.2 g urea/kg-dried adsorbent (initial urea concentration was 70 mg/dL). The oxystarch had 49.2% of glucose unit oxidized and was surface treated with albumin. These results suggest that the newly prepared surface-treated oxystarch would be utilized as an effective chemisorbent for urea removal under physiological conditions.
迫切需要开发一种有效的技术，用于从尿毒症患者的血液或胃肠道中去除尿素。活性炭对尿素的吸附能力较低，尽管它们能有效去除其他尿毒症毒素。为了提供一种对尿素有反应的吸附剂，已制备了一种用白蛋白或明胶化学改性的氧化淀粉。元素分析和傅里叶变换红外（FT-IR）光谱分析表明，少量蛋白质（白蛋白或明胶）与氧化淀粉之间可能通过化学结合发生了反应。研究了氧化淀粉中二醛含量对尿素吸附、其吸附等温线和吸附速率的影响。发现氧化淀粉的溶胀因子与生理条件下（37℃，pH 7.2 - 7.4）的吸附活性密切相关。吸附研究表明，表面处理可提高吸附容量，初始尿素浓度为70mg/dL时，吸附容量可达6 - 8.2g尿素/千克干燥吸附剂。该氧化淀粉有49.2%的葡萄糖单元被氧化，并用白蛋白进行了表面处理。这些结果表明，新制备的表面处理氧化淀粉可作为生理条件下有效去除尿素的化学吸附剂。
