O'Dwyer N J, Neilson P D, Guitar B E, Quinn P T, Andrews G
J Speech Hear Res. 1983 Jun;26(2):162-70. doi: 10.1044/jshr.2602.162.
Electromyographic (EMG) recordings taken from 13 orofacial and mandibular muscles during a sequence of nonspeech movements were compared in six normal and six cerebral-palsied adult subjects. Abnormalities in the amplitude of muscle activity and timing of muscle control in the cerebral-palsied subjects were borne out in statistically significant differences between the two subject groups on five measures of muscle activity. The findings do not support hypotheses that weakness affects individual upper airway muscles in cerebral-palsied persons or that a pathological imbalance between positive and negative oral reactions is present in these subjects. A possible mechanism for hypertonicity in facial muscles in cerebral palsy is suggested, based on inappropriate activation patterns across muscles. The results are consistent with a previous proposal that a defect in the specification of motor commands and/or their communication to muscles is a fundamental abnormality in cerebral-palsied individuals which affects both speech and nonspeech motor control.
在六名正常成人受试者和六名脑性瘫痪成人受试者中，比较了在一系列非言语动作过程中从13块口面部和下颌肌肉采集的肌电图（EMG）记录。两组受试者在肌肉活动的五项指标上存在统计学显著差异，这证实了脑性瘫痪受试者肌肉活动幅度和肌肉控制时间存在异常。这些发现不支持以下假设：即虚弱会影响脑性瘫痪患者的单个上呼吸道肌肉，或者这些受试者存在正性和负性口腔反应之间的病理性失衡。基于肌肉间不适当的激活模式，提出了脑性瘫痪面部肌肉张力亢进的一种可能机制。这些结果与之前的一项提议一致，即运动指令的指定和/或其与肌肉的通信缺陷是脑性瘫痪个体的一种基本异常，它会影响言语和非言语运动控制。
