Martin W R, McNicholas L F, Cherian S
Life Sci. 1982 Aug 23;31(8):721-30. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(82)90697-x.
Diazepam (100-133 mg/kg/day), administered chronically through a gastric fistula, and pentobarbital (ca 692 mg/kg/day), administered chronically in food, were studied for their dependence producing properties in Sprague-Dawley female rats. The diazepam abstinence syndrome was apparent 10 to 20 hours after withdrawal, persisted for over 60 hours and consisted of poker tail, explosive awakenings, digging in sawdust, jerks, tremors, wet dog shakes, hostility, decreased food and water consumption and weight loss. The pentobarbital abstinence syndrome came on rapidly peaking within 10 hours and was largely over by 16 hours. The pentobarbital abstinence syndrome differed from diazepam's by the presence of grand mal, clonic and atypical convulsions. Diazepam completely and in a dose related way suppressed the diazepam abstinence syndrome. Similarly pentobarbital suppressed the pentobarbital abstinence syndrome. The signs which could be suppressed in a dose related manner were different for the diazepam and pentobarbital abstinence syndromes. Diazepam only partially suppressed the pentobarbital abstinence syndrome and pentobarbital only partially suppressed the diazepam abstinence syndrome. These data indicate that diazepam and pentobarbital produce different types of dependencies in the rat and are not equivalent in suppressing signs of abstinence.
通过胃瘘长期给予地西泮（100 - 133毫克/千克/天），以及在食物中长期给予戊巴比妥（约692毫克/千克/天），研究它们在斯普拉格 - 道利雌性大鼠中产生依赖性的特性。撤药后10至20小时，地西泮戒断综合征明显，持续超过60小时，表现为翘尾、爆发性觉醒、在木屑中挖掘、抽搐、震颤、湿狗样抖动、敌意、食物和水摄入量减少以及体重减轻。戊巴比妥戒断综合征迅速出现，在10小时内达到峰值，16小时时基本结束。戊巴比妥戒断综合征与地西泮的不同之处在于存在大发作、阵挛性和非典型惊厥。地西泮以剂量相关的方式完全抑制地西泮戒断综合征。同样，戊巴比妥抑制戊巴比妥戒断综合征。地西泮和戊巴比妥戒断综合征中可被剂量相关方式抑制的体征不同。地西泮仅部分抑制戊巴比妥戒断综合征，戊巴比妥也仅部分抑制地西泮戒断综合征。这些数据表明，地西泮和戊巴比妥在大鼠中产生不同类型的依赖性，在抑制戒断体征方面并不等效。
