Schuknecht H F, Zaytoun G M, Moon C N
Arch Otolaryngol. 1982 Dec;108(12):759-65. doi: 10.1001/archotol.1982.00790600003002.
Fluid in the tympanomastoid compartment having its onset in adulthood may be caused by three pathogenic mechanisms. Serous otitis in vacuo is the result of blockage of the eustachian tube and the most frequent cause is neoplastic disease. Adult serous effusion is a disorder of unknown cause characterized by active secretion of serous fluid from the mucous membrane lining the tympanomastoid compartment. Cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea is the result of a CSF fistula in the tympanomastoid compartment and may be caused by congenital anomalies, acquired diseases, and trauma. The differential diagnosis demands a systematic approach beginning with history and examination and progressing as necessary through a series of diagnostic procedures that may include pressure-equilizing tube insertion, fluorescein dye test, and surgical exploration.
成年期出现的鼓室乳突腔内积液可能由三种致病机制引起。真空性浆液性中耳炎是咽鼓管堵塞的结果，最常见的原因是肿瘤性疾病。成人浆液性积液是一种病因不明的疾病，其特征是鼓室乳突腔黏膜主动分泌浆液性液体。脑脊液耳漏是鼓室乳突腔内脑脊液瘘的结果，可能由先天性异常、后天性疾病和外伤引起。鉴别诊断需要一种系统的方法，从病史和检查开始，必要时通过一系列诊断程序，包括插入压力平衡管、荧光素染料试验和手术探查。
