Strubelt O
Arzneimittelforschung. 1982;32(10):1287-92.
We investigated the influence of an intoxication with sparteine (10 mg/kg X min i.v.) on heart rate, arterial blood pressure, cardiac output, stroke volume and total peripheral resistance in anesthetized rats. The leading feature of the cardiovascular activity of sparteine in rats was a strong bradycardia whereas blood pressure, cardiac output and peripheral resistance only slightly decreased and stroke volume even increased. The death of the rats occurred with a sudden stop of the QRS complexes in the ECG and an abrupt fall of blood pressure. Isoprenaline, orciprenaline, dopamine and prenalterol were compared with respect to their efficacy in reversing sparteine-induced toxicity in rats. Prenalterol proved to be the best antidote on account of its specific action on adrenergic beta 1-receptors. This result was affirmed in two experiments in pigs. Isoprenaline may also be used as an antidote for sparteine but decreases the blood pressure. Vasoconstrictors like dopamine should only be used in sparteine intoxication when a severe fall of blood pressure occurs which can not be overcome by prenalterol or isoprenaline.
我们研究了司巴丁（10毫克/千克×分钟静脉注射）中毒对麻醉大鼠心率、动脉血压、心输出量、每搏输出量和总外周阻力的影响。司巴丁对大鼠心血管活动的主要特征是强烈的心动过缓，而血压、心输出量和外周阻力仅略有下降，每搏输出量甚至增加。大鼠死亡时心电图QRS波群突然停止，血压急剧下降。比较了异丙肾上腺素、奥西那林、多巴胺和普瑞特罗逆转司巴丁诱导的大鼠毒性的效果。由于普瑞特罗对肾上腺素能β1受体的特异性作用，它被证明是最佳解毒剂。这一结果在猪的两项实验中得到了证实。异丙肾上腺素也可作为司巴丁的解毒剂，但会降低血压。像多巴胺这样的血管收缩剂仅在司巴丁中毒且出现严重血压下降而普瑞特罗或异丙肾上腺素无法克服时使用。
