Kochem H G, Schremmer C N, Norpoth N, Hirche H
Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 1981 Feb;41(2):141-4. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1036980.
In a random sample of 1,000 mastectomies from microscopically proven cancer of the breast the concomitant evidence of cancer in the nipple and the axillary lymph nodes were studied. Cases with evidence of cancer in the nipple showed axillary metastases twice as often as cases without evidence of cancer in the nipple. In cases with diffuse or lymphangetic evidence of cancer in the nipple the incidence of metastases in the axillary lymph nodes was twice as high in cases with intra-ductal or paget type evidence of carcinoma in the nipple. In cases with evidence of cancer in the nipple, the incidence of metastases in the axillary lymph nodes decreases more with age than in cases without evidence of breast cancer in the nipple. With increasing tumour size the evidence of breast cancer in the axillary lymph nodes was higher in cases without evidence of cancer in the nipple than in cases with evidence of cancer in the nipple. The microscopic differentiation and the grade of malignancy also had an influence on the incidence of axillary metastases in correlation to evidence of cancer in the nipple.
在1000例经显微镜证实为乳腺癌的乳房切除术随机样本中，研究了乳头及腋窝淋巴结中癌的伴随证据。乳头有癌证据的病例发生腋窝转移的频率是乳头无癌证据病例的两倍。乳头有弥漫性或淋巴管癌证据的病例，其腋窝淋巴结转移发生率是乳头有导管内癌或派杰氏型癌证据病例的两倍。乳头有癌证据的病例，腋窝淋巴结转移发生率随年龄下降的幅度比乳头无乳腺癌证据的病例更大。随着肿瘤大小增加，乳头无癌证据病例的腋窝淋巴结中乳腺癌证据比乳头有癌证据病例更高。微观分化和恶性程度分级与乳头癌证据相关时，也对腋窝转移发生率有影响。
