Crowther H
J Adv Nurs. 1982 Sep;7(5):453-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1982.tb00262.x.
New perspectives on nursing lower limb amputees arise from the author's researches into amputee rehabilitation and a summary of other recent research findings. These are dealt with in the context of basic amputee treatment and the nursing process. There is new material on the psychological and neurological sequelae of amputation, the practical problems of loss of a limb and the prosthetic dimension of treatment. The patients' reactions to lower limb amputation were found to vary from intense grief to intense relief, many noting it to be of minor or moderate consequence. The model of sudden and shocking loss is largely incorrect. Attention is drawn to an unrecognized ordinariness which should become part of amputee nursing. Patients have many practical problems. These are social and economic, personal and domestic. The ward environment is unsuited to these needs but, working closely with therapists, nurses can do much to facilitate amputee rehabilitation. The modern purpose of amputation surgery is prosthetic replacement. Nurses should be working with some urgency towards uniting patient and prosthesis. Pain and discomfort are underestimated and research shows them to be a major characteristic of amputation continually and for many years after surgery. A variety of pain syndromes are involved.
作者对截肢者康复的研究以及对其他近期研究结果的总结，为下肢截肢者护理带来了新的视角。这些内容是在截肢者基本治疗和护理过程的背景下进行探讨的。文中有关于截肢的心理和神经后遗症、肢体缺失的实际问题以及治疗的假肢层面的新内容。研究发现，患者对下肢截肢的反应各不相同，从极度悲伤到如释重负，许多人认为其后果轻微或中等。那种突然且令人震惊的失去模式在很大程度上是不正确的。文中指出了一种未被认识到的平常状态，这应成为截肢者护理的一部分。患者存在许多实际问题，包括社会和经济、个人和家庭方面的问题。病房环境并不适合满足这些需求，但是，通过与治疗师密切合作，护士能够在很大程度上促进截肢者的康复。截肢手术的现代目的是进行假肢置换。护士应迫切努力使患者与假肢适配。疼痛和不适被低估了，研究表明它们是截肢后持续存在且多年来一直存在的主要特征，涉及多种疼痛综合征。
