Tissue-specific DNA methylation in a cluster of rabbit beta-like globin genes.

The relationship between DNA methylation and differential expression of rabbit beta-like globin genes was studied by using restriction enzymes that cleave the sequence C-C-G-G but are differentially inhibited by the presence of 5-methylcytosine. The methylation frequency of 13 C-C-G-G sites that flank a set of four closely linked rabbit beta-like globin genes was determined. This analysis revealed that certain sites surrounding embryonic and adult globin genes are relatively undermethylated in DNA from embryonic and adult erythroid tissues, respectively. This pattern is most pronounced for three sites that are undermethylated in erythroid cells but are totally methylated in nonerythroid cells. We conclude that the degree of CpG methylation in the rabbit beta-like globin gene cluster is correlated with gene activity, but the effect is confined to relatively small regions of DNA.