Kopp S
Acta Odontol Scand. 1980;38(6):333-41. doi: 10.3109/00016358009033602.
Sixty consecutive patients with mandibular pain and/or dysfunction were divided in three groups; one group with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) crepitation, another with tenderness on palpation of the TMJ and a reference group without any of these signs. The TM joints of the patients were exposed radiographically in oblique lateral and transmaxillary projections. The hands were exposed in the dorsovolar projection. The metacarpal index of Barnett & Nordin (2) (Formula: see text) was determined from the hand radiographs as well as the Exton-Smith (II) index (Formula: see text) Radiographic abnormalities in the TMJ and hand joints were recorded and quantified in indices as well as clinical abnormalities in the masticatory system. The index of Barnett & Nordin was significantly lower in the group of patients with palpatory tenderness of the TMJ than in the reference group. The Exton-Smith index was significantly and negatively correlated to the radiographic index of hand joint but not TMJ disease. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the Exton-Smith index and the size of the TMJ condyle. The results of the present study indicate that patients with palpatory tenderness of the TMJ, probably of inflammatory origin, have a smaller second metacarpal cortical bone mass than reference patients, as have patients with radiographic signs of hand joint disease.
连续60例下颌疼痛和/或功能障碍患者被分为三组；一组有颞下颌关节（TMJ）摩擦音，另一组颞下颌关节触诊时有压痛，还有一组为无上述任何体征的参照组。对患者的颞下颌关节进行斜侧位和经上颌位X线片检查。对手部进行背掌位X线片检查。根据手部X线片确定Barnett和Nordin（2）的掌骨指数（公式：见正文）以及Exton-Smith（II）指数（公式：见正文）。记录颞下颌关节和手部关节的X线异常情况，并以指数形式进行量化，同时记录咀嚼系统的临床异常情况。颞下颌关节触压痛患者组的Barnett和Nordin指数显著低于参照组。Exton-Smith指数与手部关节的X线指数呈显著负相关，但与颞下颌关节疾病无关。在Exton-Smith指数与颞下颌关节髁突大小之间发现了具有统计学意义的正相关。本研究结果表明，颞下颌关节触压痛患者（可能为炎症性起源）的第二掌骨皮质骨量比参照患者小，手部关节疾病有X线体征的患者也是如此。
