Maki D G
J Med. 1980;11(4):239-53.
Thirty-three nosocomial outbreaks of infusion-related septicemia since 1965 have dramatically pointed up the microbiologic hazards of infusion therapy. At least 25,000 patients develop device-related septicemia in the United States each year, but the source of many of these bacteremias is never recognized. Most infusion-related septicemias, including those in hyperalimentation, originate from the device used for vascular access. Epidemics stem from infusate contaminated by Klebsielleae species or pseudomonads, either from a source in the hospital or in the manufacturing plant. Device-related infection in infusion therapy can be greatly prevented by scrupulous attention to local asepsis and by limiting the duration of cannulation of peripheral veins (less than or equal to 3 days) and arteries (less than or equal to 4 days).
自1965年以来，33起与输液相关的医院感染暴发事件显著凸显了输液治疗的微生物学危害。在美国，每年至少有25000名患者发生与器械相关的败血症，但其中许多菌血症的来源从未被确认。大多数与输液相关的败血症，包括那些在胃肠外营养中的病例，都源于用于血管通路的器械。疫情源于被克雷伯菌属或假单胞菌污染的输注液，污染源要么来自医院内部，要么来自制造工厂。通过严格注意局部无菌操作，并限制外周静脉插管时间（小于或等于3天）和动脉插管时间（小于或等于4天），可以大大预防输液治疗中与器械相关的感染。
