Sheppard S M
J Prosthet Dent. 1982 May;47(5):539-44. doi: 10.1016/0022-3913(82)90306-7.
The subjects in this study exhibited considerable condylar anatomic abnormalities and discrepancies in the absence of subjective symptoms. Differences in the mandibular condyle-ramus length from one side of the mandible to the other were found. Enlargements and bony irregularities in the region of the mandibular angle were observed and appear to be associated with increased muscular activity. All these anatomic changes are visible on routine panoramic radiographs and may be predisposing factors for subjective symptoms, especially when alteration of maxillomandibular relations are made.
本研究中的受试者在没有主观症状的情况下表现出相当大的髁突解剖异常和差异。发现下颌骨两侧的下颌髁突-升支长度存在差异。观察到下颌角区域有增大和骨质不规则情况，且似乎与肌肉活动增加有关。所有这些解剖学变化在常规全景X线片上均可看到，可能是主观症状的诱发因素，尤其是在进行上下颌关系改变时。
