Leighton B C
Swed Dent J Suppl. 1982;15:115-22.
Longitudinal records of 109 individuals born at full term and 30 pairs of twins have been used to study factors which determine the form of the upper gum pad at the age of six months and before the emergence of teeth. The contribution of heredity was found to be less than at birth, and that derived from the underlying teeth to have increased during the first six months of life. It is concluded that the shape of the alveolar process may be modified by physical forces such as sucking habits before teeth erupt into the mouth.
109名足月出生的个体以及30对双胞胎的纵向记录被用于研究决定六个月大且牙齿萌出前上牙龈垫形态的因素。研究发现，遗传因素的影响比出生时小，而来自下方牙齿的影响在生命的前六个月有所增加。得出的结论是，在牙齿萌出口腔之前，诸如吮吸习惯等物理力量可能会改变牙槽突的形状。
