Mayhew G L, Enyart P, Anderson J
Am J Ment Defic. 1978 Sep;83(2):164-70.
This study was designed to determine if the deficits in social behavior of retarded persons might be due, in part, to the failure of their environment to maintain that behavior. Using an ABAB design, we systematically ignored severely and profoundly retarded, institutionalized adolescents and gave them social reinforcement for appropriate social behavior. Social behavior decreased during nonreinforcement conditions and increased during reinforcement conditions. The data suggest that deficits in social behavior of retarded persons may be due to failure of their environment to maintain such behavior. Implications of these findings for staff behavior and the utility of the present procedure for increasing social behavior of institutionalized retarded persons were discussed.
本研究旨在确定智障人士社交行为缺陷是否部分归因于其所处环境未能维持该行为。采用ABAB设计，我们系统性地忽视重度和极重度智障的机构化青少年，并对他们的适当社交行为给予社会强化。在无强化条件下社交行为减少，在强化条件下社交行为增加。数据表明，智障人士的社交行为缺陷可能是由于其环境未能维持此类行为所致。讨论了这些发现对工作人员行为的影响以及本程序在增加机构化智障人士社交行为方面的效用。
