Geltman E M, Roberts R, Sobel B E
Herz. 1980 Apr;5(2):107-19.
Positron emission tomography (PET) performed after the administration of the positron-emitting radionuclides carbon-11 (11C), nitrogen-13(13N), oxygen-15(15O) and fluorine-18(18F) has permitted the improved noninvasive assessment of the regional myocardial metabolism of normal physiologic substrates and intermediates and their cogeners. In experimental animals, the rate of oxidation of 11C-palmitate correlates closely with other indexes of oxygen consumption, and the extraction of 11 C-palmitate (like that of 18F-fatty acids and 18F-fluordeoxyglucose) is markedly diminished in regions of myocardial ischemia. In both experimental animals and in patients, myocardial infarct site and size, determined by positron emission tomography after the intravenous injection of 11C-palmitate, correlate closely with the electrocardiographic infarct locus and enzymatically estimated infarct size as well as with the location and extent of regional left ventricular wall motion abnormalities. PET offers promise for assessment of flow as well despite the complexities involved. PET with 13NH3 appears to provide one useful qualitative index, although this tracer is actively metabolized. Because of the quantitative capabilities of positron emission tomography and the rapid progress which is being made in the development of fast scan, multi-slice, and gated instrumentation, this technique is likely to facilitate improved understanding and characterization of regional myocardial metabolism and blood flow in man under physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
在给予发射正电子的放射性核素碳-11（(^{11}C)）、氮-13（(^{13}N)）、氧-15（(^{15}O)）和氟-18（(^{18}F)）后进行的正电子发射断层扫描（PET），使得对正常生理底物、中间体及其同类物的局部心肌代谢进行更好的无创评估成为可能。在实验动物中，(^{11}C)-棕榈酸的氧化速率与其他耗氧指标密切相关，并且在心肌缺血区域，(^{11}C)-棕榈酸（与(^{18}F)-脂肪酸和(^{18}F)-氟脱氧葡萄糖一样）的摄取明显减少。在实验动物和患者中，静脉注射(^{11}C)-棕榈酸后通过正电子发射断层扫描确定的心肌梗死部位和大小，与心电图梗死部位、酶学估计的梗死大小以及局部左心室壁运动异常的位置和范围密切相关。尽管存在诸多复杂因素，但PET在评估血流方面也具有前景。(^{13}NH_3) PET似乎能提供一个有用的定性指标，尽管这种示踪剂会被积极代谢。由于正电子发射断层扫描的定量能力以及在快速扫描、多层和门控仪器开发方面取得的快速进展，这项技术可能有助于更好地理解和描述生理和病理生理条件下人体局部心肌代谢和血流情况。
