Kagan K G
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1980 Aug;10(3):641-53. doi: 10.1016/s0195-5616(80)50059-8.
The physiologic equilibrium of chest injury patients is frequently precarious, and mild stress during examination and treatment may precipitate acute decompensation and death. This is particularly true with the respiratory system, where the normally large respiratory reserve capacity may be rapidly lost. Accurate assessment of the nature of the thoracic injury and the severity of that injury must be determined in order to formulate a therapeutic plan. Many thoracic injuries, such as pneumothorax, pulmonary contusions, or rib fractures, will be self-limiting. Other conditions must be recognized for their potentially lethal nature and dealt with aggressively, and these include cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax, and esophageal perforation. By performing a systematic evaluation of the patient and confirming or denying the presence of all possible types of thoracic injury, the veterinarian may avoid overtreatment of self-limiting lesions and recognize and aggressively treat those with potentially fatal outcomes.
胸部损伤患者的生理平衡常常不稳定，检查和治疗过程中的轻微应激可能会引发急性失代偿和死亡。呼吸系统尤其如此，其通常较大的呼吸储备能力可能会迅速丧失。必须准确评估胸部损伤的性质和损伤的严重程度，以便制定治疗方案。许多胸部损伤，如气胸、肺挫伤或肋骨骨折，都是自限性的。其他情况必须因其潜在的致命性而被识别并积极处理，这些情况包括心脏压塞、张力性气胸和食管穿孔。通过对患者进行系统评估，并确认或排除所有可能类型的胸部损伤，兽医可以避免对自限性病变进行过度治疗，并识别并积极治疗那些可能导致致命后果的损伤。
