McDevitt J T, Setler P E
Eur J Pharmacol. 1981 Jun 10;72(1):69-75. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(81)90298-3.
It has been suggested that because of a relatively slow maturation of the central cholinergic system, that the neonatal rat (i.e. less than 2 weeks old) may be used as an in vivo model, with minimal cholinergic influence, for studying the effects of dopaminergic compounds. d-Amphetamine, 1-DOPA, and SK and F 38393-A produce a syndrome in neonatal rat similar to the stereotyped behavior characteristically produced by dopamine agonists. This neonatal syndrome includes increased motor activity and sniffing plus licking and/or biting. Apomorphine and bromocryptine do not produce this behavior in neonatal rats. The potencies of d-amphetamine, 1-DOPA, and SK and F 38393-A in producing this syndrome decrease with the age of the rat. Increases in motor activity, or sniffing plus licking and/or biting by d-amphetamine 1-DOPA, or SK and F 38393-A, in thirty and/or sixty day old rats are significantly enhanced by scopolamine pretreatment. Apomorphine- or bromocryptine-induced stereotyped behavior in thirty and sixty day old rats is not affected by scopolamine. These data suggest that the effects of certain dopaminergic agonists, which produce the neonatal syndrome, are modulated in the adult rat by cholinergic activity. The ineffectiveness of apomorphine in the neonate, however, suggest that the neonatal syndrome may not be related exclusively to dopamine, or that the dopaminergic system involved with this behavior is not sensitive to apomorphine.
有人提出，由于中枢胆碱能系统成熟相对缓慢，新生大鼠（即小于2周龄）可作为体内模型，在胆碱能影响最小的情况下，用于研究多巴胺能化合物的作用。右旋苯丙胺、左旋多巴以及SK和F 38393 - A在新生大鼠中产生的综合征类似于多巴胺激动剂典型产生的刻板行为。这种新生综合征包括运动活动增加、嗅探以及舔舐和/或咬噬。阿扑吗啡和溴隐亭在新生大鼠中不会产生这种行为。右旋苯丙胺、左旋多巴以及SK和F 38393 - A产生这种综合征的效力会随着大鼠年龄的增长而降低。在30日龄和/或60日龄大鼠中，东莨菪碱预处理可显著增强右旋苯丙胺、左旋多巴或SK和F 38393 - A引起的运动活动增加、嗅探以及舔舐和/或咬噬。阿扑吗啡或溴隐亭在30日龄和60日龄大鼠中诱导的刻板行为不受东莨菪碱影响。这些数据表明，某些产生新生综合征的多巴胺能激动剂的作用在成年大鼠中受到胆碱能活性的调节。然而，阿扑吗啡在新生大鼠中无效，这表明新生综合征可能并非仅与多巴胺有关，或者参与这种行为的多巴胺能系统对阿扑吗啡不敏感。
