Vayssairat M, Mathieu J F, Housset E
J Mal Vasc. 1982;7(1):3-6.
Acquired lesions of the aorta are not confined to atherosclerosis alone, and diagnostic, etiological, pathogenic, and therapeutic problems may be raised when confronted with less frequent infective or inflammatory processes. Syphilitic aortitis was for a long time considered to be the only infective lesion involving the aorta, but bacterial (mycotic) aneurysms were now known to exist. Many pathogenic agents may be involved: staphylococcus, Salmonella, pneumococcus, Proteus, Klebsiella, Brucella, more rarely KB, Rickettsia, or nematodes. Inflammatory causes have been recognized more recently, epidemiological and histological studies confirming their presence and the multiple etiologies involved: Horton's disease, rheumatic disorders, connective tissue diseases.
主动脉的后天性病变并不局限于动脉粥样硬化，当面对较少见的感染性或炎症性病变时，可能会引发诊断、病因、发病机制及治疗方面的问题。长期以来，梅毒性主动脉炎被认为是唯一累及主动脉的感染性病变，但如今已知存在细菌性（霉菌性）动脉瘤。许多病原体都可能涉及：葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌、肺炎球菌、变形杆菌、克雷伯菌、布鲁氏菌，较少见的还有KB、立克次氏体或线虫。炎症性病因最近才得到认识，流行病学和组织学研究证实了它们的存在以及涉及的多种病因：霍顿病、风湿性疾病、结缔组织病。
