Okajima O, Tanino T, Okamoto M
Jpn J Ophthalmol. 1982;26(3):292-301.
Color vision was studied, using the Farnsworth Panel D-15 test, in 72 patients (115 eyes) with primary pigmentary retina dystrophy of autosomal recessive inheritance, and the results were correlated with the visual acuity and visual field. The incidence of color vision defects and the degree of disturbance increased as the visual acuity and the visual field deteriorated. However, even in cases with the visual acuity better than 0.7, type III acquired blue-yellow defect was found in 22% of the cases. This type of color vision defect was also found in 52% of the cases with the visual acuity between 0.4 and 0.6. In the group with the visual acuity of 0.1 or less, total achromatopsia was found in 64% of the cases. The increment thresholds of the blue and green cone mechanisms in the fovea were determined by the two-color threshold technique of Stiles in 12 patients with the visual acuity better than 0.8. The thresholds of the blue cone mechanism (pi 1) and of the green cone mechanism (pi 4) were found to be elevated over the normal values. The increases in the former and the latter thresholds were correlated linearly with the slope of the regression of 0.64. The increase in the threshold of the blue cone mechanism was more pronounced than that of the green cone mechanism. Due to the difference in the density of both cones in the fovea, this result does not necessarily support the hypothesis that the blue cone mechanism is affected preferentially more than the green cone mechanism.
运用法恩斯沃思 Panel D - 15 测试对 72 例（115 只眼）常染色体隐性遗传的原发性色素性视网膜营养不良患者的色觉进行了研究，并将结果与视力和视野相关联。色觉缺陷的发生率和干扰程度随着视力和视野的恶化而增加。然而，即使在视力优于 0.7 的病例中，仍有 22%的病例发现 III 型后天性蓝黄色缺陷。在视力介于 0.4 至 0.6 之间的病例中，这种类型的色觉缺陷也有 52%被发现。在视力为 0.1 或更低的组中，64%的病例出现全色盲。采用斯泰尔斯双色阈值技术，对 12 例视力优于 0.8 的患者测定了中央凹蓝锥和绿锥机制的增量阈值。发现蓝锥机制（π1）和绿锥机制（π4）的阈值高于正常值。前者和后者阈值的增加与 0.64 的回归斜率呈线性相关。蓝锥机制阈值的增加比绿锥机制更为明显。由于中央凹两种视锥细胞密度的差异，这一结果不一定支持蓝锥机制比绿锥机制更易受影响的假说。
