D'Angelo L J, Sokol R J
Obstet Gynecol. 1980 May;55(5):583-6.
A prospective randomized clinical trial was performed to test the effectiveness of long and short courses of antibiotic prophylaxis in avoiding morbidity after cesarean section. Eighty internally monitored laboring patients who required cesarean section were randomly assigned to one of 3 treatment groups: 1) a control group (31 patients) of those receiving no prophylactic antibiotics, 2) a short-course group (24 patients) of those receiving 24 hours of cephalosporin prophylaxis, and 3) a long-course group (25 patients) of those receiving 5 days of cephalosporin prophylaxis. Evaluation of postpartum outcome was based on the development of endometritis and /or wound infection and on the fever index. Based on the findings of no significant differences between the 3 treatment groups for 11 potential risk factors for postpartum morbidity, randomization was judged to have been successful. A significant decrease in the rate of endometritis and/or wound infection was seen in both the short- and long-course prophylactic groups as compared to the control group (29%, 20%, and 65%, respectively). There were no significant differences in postpartum morbidity between the short- and long-course prophylactic groups. Based on fever index data and individual case evaluations, there was no evidence that antibiotic prophylaxis increased the chance of more severe infection.
进行了一项前瞻性随机临床试验，以测试短期和长期抗生素预防方案在避免剖宫产术后发病方面的有效性。80名需要剖宫产的内部监测临产患者被随机分配到3个治疗组之一：1）对照组（31例患者），不接受预防性抗生素治疗；2）短期治疗组（24例患者），接受24小时头孢菌素预防治疗；3）长期治疗组（25例患者），接受5天头孢菌素预防治疗。产后结局的评估基于子宫内膜炎和/或伤口感染的发生情况以及发热指数。基于产后发病11个潜在风险因素在3个治疗组之间无显著差异的结果，判断随机分组成功。与对照组相比，短期和长期预防治疗组的子宫内膜炎和/或伤口感染率均显著降低（分别为29%99%、20%和65%）。短期和长期预防治疗组之间的产后发病率无显著差异。根据发热指数数据和个体病例评估，没有证据表明抗生素预防会增加更严重感染的几率。
