Bülow H
Fortschr Med. 1980 May 15;98(18):687-9.
Foreign bodies are rarely found in the urethra and bladder of children. Generally, they are first observed at the start of puberty. Severe complications may occur, even involving the upper urinary tract. Therefore, foreign bodies should be removed as early as possible. Even in infancy it is possible to extract foreign bodies by transurethral approach. When such an extraction is carried out, injuries to the urethra, especially in male children, must be avoided. When difficulties arise during the transurethral procedure suprapubic removal should be preferred. Urinary tract infections which nearly always accompany the presence of foreign bodies in the urinary tract should be treated with antimicrobials.
异物在儿童尿道和膀胱中很少见。一般来说，它们在青春期开始时首次被发现。可能会发生严重并发症，甚至累及上尿路。因此，异物应尽早取出。即使在婴儿期，也可以通过经尿道途径取出异物。进行这种取出操作时，必须避免尿道损伤，尤其是男性儿童。经尿道手术出现困难时，应优先选择耻骨上取出。几乎总是伴随尿路异物出现的尿路感染应用抗菌药物治疗。
