Kessler S
Schizophr Bull. 1980;6(3):404-16. doi: 10.1093/schbul/6.3.404.
The evidence suggesting that genetic factors are involved in the etiology of schizophrenia is reviewed. Despite methodological and other difficulties, independent lines of research--family, twin, and adoption studies--point in a common direction: Persons genetically at risk for schizophrenia are more likely to become affected than those who are not. Current attempts to understand the mode of inheritance of the gene or genes involved have become increasingly sophisticated and, consequently, less accessible (and possibly useful) to clinicians and nongeneticist researchers. Guidelines are provided for the provision of genetic counseling to affected persons and their relatives. Such counseling is frequently enmeshed with multiple psychosocial (rather than strictly medical) issues and should be provided by professionals with appropriate training and experience in psychotherapy.
本文综述了表明遗传因素参与精神分裂症病因的证据。尽管存在方法学及其他方面的困难，但家族研究、双生子研究和收养研究等独立的研究方向都指向了同一个结论：与无遗传风险的人相比，有精神分裂症遗传风险的人更易患病。目前，对于相关基因遗传模式的研究尝试日益复杂，因此临床医生和非遗传学研究人员越来越难以理解（可能也难以应用）。本文为向患者及其亲属提供遗传咨询提供了指导原则。此类咨询往往涉及多个心理社会问题（而非严格意义上的医学问题），应由接受过心理治疗相关培训并具备丰富经验的专业人员提供。
