Levitsky L L, Paton J B, Fisher D E, Delannoy C W
Pediatr Res. 1980 Aug;14(8):926-31. doi: 10.1203/00006450-198008000-00006.
The age-related changes in fasting arterial levels of energy substrates and insulin were studied at birth and/or 6 wk in eleven baboon infants. In addition, the renal contribution to glucose release in the primate infant was estimated. Arterial blood glucose levels were similar in six fasted newborns and in nine fasted 6-wk-old infants. Arterial blood lactate, alanine, pyruvate, glutamate, and glutamine levels were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in the new born animals, and beta-hydroxybutyrate was significantly higher in the older animals (P < 0.001). Arterial plasma insulin levels were low in both groups. Levels of blood glucose in the inferior vena cava below the renal vein were significantly lower than levels in the aorta (P < 0.01). In contrast, levels of blood glucose in the inferior vena cava above the renal vein were significantly higher than in the aorta (P < 0.05). Computed renal vein glucose levels were higher than those in the aorta (P < 0.01). In the newborn infants, there was significant renal uptake of lactate, pyruvate, glycerol, and glutamine (P < 0.01), and release of beta-hydroxybutyrate (P < 0.05). In the older animals, there was renal uptake of alanine, lactate, pyruvate, and glycerol (P 0.01). Mean cardiac output per kg body weight did not differ significantly in the newborn and 6-wk-old infants. Lactate uptake was potentially responsible for 59% of mean renal glucose output in the newborn and 76% of mean renal glucose output in the older infant. Net renal glucose release in eight 6-wk-old infants was estimated to be 3.5 +/- 1.1 microM/min . kg (95% confidence limits, 0.7 < 3.5 < 6.2). Net renal glucose release in three newborn infants was 4.7, 5.4, and 19.8 microM/min . kg. There was a significant linear relationship between arterial lactate levels and renal glucose production in the older infants (P < 0.05). Extremely low arterial pH was associated with increased renal glucose release in the newborn, and high arterial pH with decreased or absent glucose release in the 6-wk-old animals.
对11只狒狒幼崽在出生时和/或6周龄时空腹动脉血中能量底物和胰岛素水平的年龄相关变化进行了研究。此外，还估计了灵长类幼崽肾脏对葡萄糖释放的贡献。6只空腹新生狒狒和9只空腹6周龄幼崽的动脉血糖水平相似。新生动物的动脉血乳酸、丙氨酸、丙酮酸、谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺水平显著更高（P<0.01），而β-羟基丁酸在年龄较大的动物中显著更高（P<0.001）。两组的动脉血浆胰岛素水平均较低。肾静脉下方下腔静脉的血糖水平显著低于主动脉（P<0.01）。相反，肾静脉上方下腔静脉的血糖水平显著高于主动脉（P<0.05）。计算得出的肾静脉葡萄糖水平高于主动脉（P<0.01）。在新生幼崽中，肾脏对乳酸、丙酮酸、甘油和谷氨酰胺有显著摄取（P<0.01），并释放β-羟基丁酸（P<0.05）。在年龄较大的动物中，肾脏摄取丙氨酸、乳酸、丙酮酸和甘油（P<0.01）。每千克体重的平均心输出量在新生幼崽和6周龄幼崽中无显著差异。乳酸摄取可能占新生幼崽平均肾脏葡萄糖输出的59%，占年龄较大幼崽平均肾脏葡萄糖输出的76%。估计8只6周龄幼崽的肾脏葡萄糖净释放量为3.5±1.1微摩尔/分钟·千克（95%置信区间，0.7<3.5<6.2）。3只新生幼崽的肾脏葡萄糖净释放量分别为4.7、5.4和19.8微摩尔/分钟·千克。年龄较大的幼崽中，动脉乳酸水平与肾脏葡萄糖生成之间存在显著的线性关系（P<0.05）。极低的动脉pH值与新生幼崽肾脏葡萄糖释放增加有关，而高动脉pH值与6周龄动物葡萄糖释放减少或无释放有关。
