Smith J A, Pease L G
CRC Crit Rev Biochem. 1980;8(4):315-99. doi: 10.3109/10409238009105470.
The evidence that reverse turns frequently occur as structural components of proteins, as well as of linear and cyclic peptides, is overwhelming. This review summarizes and examines critically the experimental evidence derived from physical methods such as 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, spin-lattice relaxation time, circular dichroism, IR spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography. Secondly, theoretical evidence obtained from energy calculations, which rely on empirical energy functions, and correlative methods, which rely on algorithms based on the frequency of occurrence of amino acids, is evaluated. In particular, those theoretical studies for which complementary physical studies have been completed are emphasized. Finally, examples of structure-function relationships involving reverse turns and their biological recognition are demonstrated.
有压倒性的证据表明，反向转角经常作为蛋白质以及线性和环状肽的结构成分出现。本综述总结并批判性地审视了来自物理方法的实验证据，这些方法包括1H和13C核磁共振光谱、自旋晶格弛豫时间、圆二色性、红外光谱和X射线晶体学。其次，评估了从依赖经验能量函数的能量计算以及依赖基于氨基酸出现频率的算法的相关方法中获得的理论证据。特别强调了那些已经完成补充物理研究的理论研究。最后，展示了涉及反向转角及其生物识别的结构-功能关系的实例。
