Chesley L C
Kidney Int. 1980 Aug;18(2):234-40. doi: 10.1038/ki.1980.131.
The clinical diagnosis of preeclampsia is often erroneous, for it may be confused with latent hypertension, acute or chronic renal disease, or frank essential hypertension that had abated during much of pregnancy. Eclampsia and "true" preeclampsia run in families with a frequency suggesting that a single recessive gene may be responsible. Eclampsia and "true" preeclampsia do not cause chronic hypertension, whatever their durations. Gestational hypertension is merely hypertension without proteinuria or abnormal edema. It often has been the basis for the diagnosis of mild preeclampsia, although renal biopsy samples almost never show the characteristic lesion in the absence of proteinuria. Gestational hypertension is often a sign of latent hypertension unmasked by pregnancy. Women with gestational hypertension ultimately have a high prevalence of chronic hypertension, whereas all those whose pregnancies are normotensive ultimately have a low prevalence.
子痫前期的临床诊断常常有误，因为它可能与隐匿性高血压、急慢性肾病或在孕期大部分时间已缓解的显性原发性高血压相混淆。子痫和“真性”子痫前期在家族中具有一定的发病频率，这表明可能由单个隐性基因所致。无论子痫和“真性”子痫前期病程长短，均不会导致慢性高血压。妊娠高血压仅仅是无蛋白尿或异常水肿的高血压。尽管在无蛋白尿时肾活检样本几乎从未显示出特征性病变，但它常常是诊断轻度子痫前期的依据。妊娠高血压常常是妊娠所暴露的隐匿性高血压的一个征象。患有妊娠高血压的女性最终患慢性高血压的比例很高，而所有血压正常的孕妇最终患慢性高血压的比例很低。
