Assmann G, Schriewer H
Klin Wochenschr. 1980 Aug 1;58(15):749-56. doi: 10.1007/BF01478282.
High density lipoproteins are a heterogeneous mixture of spherical macromolecules which differ in size (80-120 A), chemical composition (apolipoprotein A-I: 30-35%; apolipoprotein A-II: 10-15%; apolipoprotein C: 3-5%; phospholipids 25-30%; cholesterol/cholesterol esters: 15-20%; triglycerides: 3-5%) and physico-chemical properties. They can be isolated through selective precipitation of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins (very low density lipoproteins, low density lipoproteins, lipoprotein (a)) and, under routine conditions, quantitation can be performed by the determination of their cholesterol or apolipoprotein content. A considerable portion of high density lipoproteins originates in plasma from discoidal phospholipid-apolipoprotein bilayers (thickness: 46 A; diameter: 190 A). These bilayers are in part synthesized by the liver and in part derived from the surface of chylomicrons during lipolysis. The role of discoidal precursors of high density lipoproteins in cholesterol-uptake from peripheral cells will be discussed.
高密度脂蛋白是球形大分子的异质混合物，其大小（80 - 120埃）、化学成分（载脂蛋白A - I：30 - 35%；载脂蛋白A - II：10 - 15%；载脂蛋白C：3 - 5%；磷脂25 - 30%；胆固醇/胆固醇酯：15 - 20%；甘油三酯：3 - 5%）和物理化学性质各不相同。它们可以通过选择性沉淀含载脂蛋白B的脂蛋白（极低密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、脂蛋白(a)）来分离，在常规条件下，可以通过测定其胆固醇或载脂蛋白含量进行定量。相当一部分高密度脂蛋白起源于血浆中的盘状磷脂 - 载脂蛋白双层结构（厚度：46埃；直径：190埃）。这些双层结构部分由肝脏合成，部分在脂肪分解过程中源自乳糜微粒的表面。高密度脂蛋白的盘状前体在从外周细胞摄取胆固醇中的作用将予以讨论。
