Tischendorf P
Rontgenblatter. 1980 Nov;33(11):581-7.
The recently introduced intravenous cholegraphic contrast media produce a greater diagnostic yield in radiological routine thanks to improved roentgenological contrasting. Whereas the percentage share of roentgenologically clearly assessable cases is about 75 % when using Biligrafin, this percentage is much higher with the more recent contrast media, especially Biliscopin, namely, up to 88 %. These new contrast media are also superior in respect of tolerance, since they produce fewer side effects. While side effects must be expected in about 28 % of the cases when injecting Biligrafin, the side effect quota is about 10 % only with Biliscopin or Endomirabil. If the contrast medium is infused instead of injected, the quota of side effect drops to 2.3 % with Biliscopin or 3.9 % with Endomirabil. Slight and medium side effects have definitely decreased with the more recent contrast media. The slower and more continually the contrast medium is administered, the fewer are the side effects observed; this becomes particularly noticeable in the case of long-term infusions. However, the likelihood of severe incidents caused by the contrast medium, remains unchanged at about 1 % of the examined patients, even with the more recently introduced contrast media.
由于X线造影效果的改善，最近推出的静脉胆囊造影剂在放射学常规检查中能产生更高的诊断率。使用必利胆影时，X线可清晰评估病例的百分比约为75%，而使用更新的造影剂，尤其是胆影葡胺，这一百分比要高得多，可达88%。这些新型造影剂在耐受性方面也更优越，因为它们产生的副作用更少。注射必利胆影时，约28%的病例会出现副作用，而使用胆影葡胺或恩度米拉必时，副作用发生率仅约为10%。如果采用静脉滴注而非注射造影剂，胆影葡胺的副作用发生率降至2.3%，恩度米拉必降至3.9%。新型造影剂导致的轻、中度副作用明显减少。造影剂给药速度越慢、越持续，观察到的副作用就越少；在长期静脉滴注的情况下尤为明显。然而，即使是最近推出的造影剂，由造影剂引起严重不良反应的可能性在受检患者中仍保持在约1%不变。
