Gold T
J Commun Disord. 1980 Dec;13(6):397-418. doi: 10.1016/0021-9924(80)90042-8.
Investigations in recent years have indicated that only about 20% of the speech output of the deaf is understood by the "person-on-the-street." This lack of intelligibility has been associated with some frequently occurring segmental and suprasegmental errors. Errors of voicing and omission of consonants as well as vowel substitutions are common articulatory problems. Suprasegmental errors are associated with problems of timing, intonation, and voice quality. Yet, in spite of the relatively consistent findings regarding these frequently occurring errors, the correlation between the errors and overall speech intelligibility is less clear. The interrelationship between error types and the frequency of occurrence of a particular error type must be taken into consideration when interpreting the true effect of the error type on speech intelligibility. It is only when this is determined that one can begin to predict how much improvement to expect from correction of specific errors.
近年来的调查表明，只有约20%的聋人语音输出能被“普通人”理解。这种可懂度的缺乏与一些频繁出现的音段和超音段错误有关。发声错误、辅音省略以及元音替换是常见的发音问题。超音段错误与时间、语调及音质问题有关。然而，尽管关于这些频繁出现的错误有相对一致的研究结果，但这些错误与整体语音可懂度之间的相关性仍不太明确。在解释错误类型对语音可懂度的真正影响时，必须考虑错误类型之间的相互关系以及特定错误类型的出现频率。只有确定了这一点，人们才能开始预测纠正特定错误能带来多大程度的改善。
