Tschassovnikarov D, Markov G
Psychiatr Neurol Med Psychol (Leipz). 1980 Oct;32(10):623-30.
In his work, Hieronymus Bosch advocates the mediaeval conception of the inherence of vices and the biological origin of the evil and believes that these are embodies by Nature herself in physiologically abnormal forms. In his painting "The Carrying of the Cross", the hangmen are represented with a pronounced prognathism, with hooked noses and exophthalmus. The authors hold the opinion that these are faces of diseased people with cranio-facial dysostosis (Crouzon's disease), which they substantiate by the representation of their own observation of such a patient. The problems of the relations between the real and the imaginary in the art of painting is discussed from the aspect of art-scientific-methodological and clinical-psychological aspects.
希罗尼穆斯·博斯在其作品中推崇中世纪关于罪恶内在性和邪恶生物起源的观念，并认为这些由自然本身以生理异常的形式体现出来。在他的画作《背负十字架》中，刽子手被描绘为具有明显的凸颌、钩状鼻和眼球突出。作者认为这些是患有颅面骨发育不全（克鲁宗病）的病人的面容，他们通过展示自己对这样一名患者的观察来证实这一点。从艺术科学方法论和临床心理学的角度探讨了绘画艺术中现实与想象之间的关系问题。
