Herrmann V
Z Gesamte Inn Med. 1981 Feb 1;36(3):65-72.
Many of the diagnostic advances in the field of myopathies have been achieved by the examination of samples of muscle removed by biopsy. A muscle selected for biopsy must be obtained atraumatically with the fibres orientated longitudinally. Artefacts are avoided by freezing the sample in liquid nitrogen. The typing of muscle fibres by using the ATPase and dehydrogenase reactions is of advantage to the interpretation of muscle diseases. An accurate method for the determination of changes in the size of muscle fibres is a must. The construction of histograms, standard values for mean fibre diameters, the estimation of the proportion of various types of fibres, variability coefficient, atrophy and hypertrophy factors are a help. A few studies have been performed concerning the effect of a physical therapy on the composition of the fibres of skeletal muscles. A more differentiated physiotherapeutic treatment based on the histochemical and morphometrical results of the muscle biopsy is essential for the therapy of the myopathies.
肌病领域的许多诊断进展都是通过对活检取出的肌肉样本进行检查而取得的。用于活检的肌肉必须在不造成创伤的情况下获取，且纤维要纵向排列。通过在液氮中冷冻样本可避免出现人为假象。利用ATP酶和脱氢酶反应对肌纤维进行分型，有助于对肌肉疾病进行解读。必须要有一种准确的方法来测定肌纤维大小的变化。构建直方图、平均纤维直径的标准值、估算各类纤维的比例、变异系数、萎缩和肥大因子会有所帮助。已经开展了一些关于物理治疗对骨骼肌纤维组成影响的研究。基于肌肉活检的组织化学和形态测量结果进行更具针对性的物理治疗，对于肌病的治疗至关重要。
