Tracheo-innominate artery fistula.

Two additional cases of tracheo-innominate artery fistula are presented. One patient survived after prompt surgical management. The emphasis is placed on prevention. However, when post-tracheostomy or post-tracheal resection is complicated by bleeding, the diagnosis of tracheo-innominate artery fistula must be considered. Only appropriate and immediate surgical intervention will save the patient.