Reisberg B, Ferris S H, Gershon S
Am J Psychiatry. 1981 May;138(5):593-600. doi: 10.1176/ajp.138.5.593.
The most widely known substances that have been investigated for treating cognitive deterioration in the aged are cerebral vasodilators, Gerovital H3, psychostimulants, "nootropics," neuropeptides, and neurotransmitters. The rationale for the choice of specific agents has shifted as our conceptions regarding the origins of cognitive decline have changed; we now know that most cognitive deterioration occurs independently of arteriosclerotic vascular changes. Substances currently being investigated because of their effects on brain electrophysiology, on neurohumoral processes, or on central neurotransmitters show promise.
为治疗老年人认知衰退而研究的最广为人知的物质有脑血管扩张剂、益康宁、精神兴奋剂、“促智药”、神经肽和神经递质。随着我们对认知衰退根源的认识发生变化，选择特定药物的基本原理也发生了转变；我们现在知道，大多数认知衰退的发生与动脉硬化性血管变化无关。目前正在研究的因其对脑电生理、神经体液过程或中枢神经递质有影响的物质显示出了前景。
