Birnbaum M H
J Am Optom Assoc. 1978 Aug;49(8):911-4.
A model is proposed to explain the well-established tendency for against-the-rule astigmatism to precede and be predictive of the later development of myopia. It is hypothesized that the against-the-rule astigmatism is a functional adaptation to reduce near point stress by permitting reduced accommodative output (increased lag of accommodation) while maintaining resolution for the primarily vertically-oriented characters of the English language.
逆规散光先于近视并可预测近视的后期发展。据推测，逆规散光通过允许减少调节输出（增加调节滞后）来降低近点压力，同时保持对主要为垂直方向的英文字符的分辨能力，是一种功能性适应。
