Jansen H H
Leber Magen Darm. 1981 Aug;11(4):167-73.
About 11 000 autopsies were done in Darmstadt from 1955 to 1977; 879 (8%) of the cases had had peritonitis. The incidence of acute peritonitis was highest (56,8%), followed by acute local peritonitis (26,6%), peritoneal abscess and covered perforation (11,4%) and strangulation ileus (3,8%). Peritonitis had been the cause of death in 56%; in 37% of the cases peritonitis was an essential finding, in 6,3% a minor finding. A comparison was made with statistics of peritonitis at postmortem in Berlin in 1908; total incidence of peritonitis was about the same, however peritonitis originating from appendicitis or female genital tract infection is much rarer - peritonitis originating from the biliary tract or from the intestinal tract is much more common nowadays. Morphological changes occurring during septic shock are described as well as the chronic sequels of peritonitis. Finally some special forms of peritonitis are discussed: Foreign body peritonitis, tuberculous peritonitis, peritoneal metastases, retroperitoneal fibrosis and peritonitis of the newborn.
1955年至1977年期间，在达姆施塔特进行了约11000例尸检；其中879例（8%）患有腹膜炎。急性腹膜炎的发病率最高（56.8%），其次是急性局限性腹膜炎（26.6%）、腹膜脓肿和隐匿性穿孔（11.4%）以及绞窄性肠梗阻（3.8%）。腹膜炎是56%的死因；在37%的病例中，腹膜炎是主要发现，在6.3%的病例中是次要发现。将其与1908年柏林尸检时腹膜炎的统计数据进行了比较；腹膜炎的总发病率大致相同，然而，如今源于阑尾炎或女性生殖道感染的腹膜炎要少见得多，源于胆道或肠道的腹膜炎则更为常见。文中描述了脓毒性休克期间发生的形态学变化以及腹膜炎的慢性后遗症。最后讨论了一些特殊类型的腹膜炎：异物性腹膜炎、结核性腹膜炎、腹膜转移瘤、腹膜后纤维化和新生儿腹膜炎。
