van Zijderveld F G, Frik J F, van Zijderveld-van Bemmel A M
Tijdschr Diergeneeskd. 1982 Feb 15;107(4):123-31.
In the Netherlands, salmonellosis in veal calves is caused by S. dublin and S. typhimurium. Strains showing multiple drug resistance are important factors in these cases. Strains of S. typhimurium isolated from dead veal-calves resistance are important factors in these cases. Strains of S. typhimurium isolated from dead veal-calves are confined to a small number of phage types (mainly X 200, X 210, X 193, X ORS). To trace the Salmonella organisms to their origin, faecal samples were collected from one week old calves in markets, in lorries and within 24 hours after their arrival on veal-calf units, and subsequently examined for the presence of Salmonella. Salmonella (47.5 per cent of S. typhimurium, 20 per cent of S. dublin and 32.5 per cent of other serotypes) was isolated from 3.5 per cent of the individual faecal samples of 1,143 calves on seven veal-calf farms (1976-1978). Clinical symptoms caused by S. typhimurium and the other serotypes were not observed on these farms, whereas there were individual cases due to S. dublin. The phage types of S. typhimurium isolated (I 650, VI 260 and II 505) obviously had little if any pathogenic significance in calves. During the period from October 1977 to November 1978. Salmonella was isolated from nearly 6 per cent of 1,880 calves in the markets (S. typhimurium 50 per cent, S. dublin 17 per cent and other serotypes 33 per cent). Well over 25 per cent of the strains of S. typhimurium isolated were of the pathogenic phage types (X 201, X ORS). Salmonella was isolated from well over 30 per cent of eighty-three lorries. It is concluded that markets and lorries are important factors in the epidemiology of salmonellosis in veal calves. However, there also are persistent infections in veal-calf units. Possible routes of infection, in which the veal calf is regarded as the most important source of infection, are discussed. More detailed epidemiological studies are in progress to make it possible to suggest measures by which the incidence of salmonellosis in the Netherlands may be reduced.
在荷兰，犊牛沙门氏菌病由都柏林沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌引起。表现出多重耐药性的菌株是这些病例中的重要因素。从死亡犊牛中分离出的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌菌株是这些病例中的重要因素。从死亡犊牛中分离出的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌菌株局限于少数噬菌体类型（主要是X 200、X 210、X 193、X ORS）。为了追踪沙门氏菌的来源，从市场上、卡车上以及犊牛到达犊牛养殖场后24小时内的一周龄犊牛采集粪便样本，随后检测沙门氏菌的存在。在7个犊牛养殖场的1143头犊牛的个体粪便样本中，3.5%检测出沙门氏菌（鼠伤寒沙门氏菌占47.5%，都柏林沙门氏菌占20%，其他血清型占32.5%）。这些养殖场未观察到由鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和其他血清型引起的临床症状，而都柏林沙门氏菌有个别病例。分离出的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的噬菌体类型（I 650、VI 260和II 505）在犊牛中显然几乎没有致病意义。在1977年10月至1978年11月期间，在市场上1880头犊牛中，近6%检测出沙门氏菌（鼠伤寒沙门氏菌占50%，都柏林沙门氏菌占17%，其他血清型占33%）。分离出的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌菌株中超过25%是致病噬菌体类型（X 201、X ORS）。在83辆卡车中，超过30%检测出沙门氏菌。得出的结论是，市场和卡车是犊牛沙门氏菌病流行病学中的重要因素。然而，犊牛养殖场中也存在持续性感染。讨论了可能的感染途径，其中犊牛被视为最重要的感染源。正在进行更详细的流行病学研究，以便能够提出降低荷兰沙门氏菌病发病率的措施。
