[医院工作人员中甲型和乙型肝炎病毒感染情况。甲型肝炎病毒抗体、乙肝表面抗原、乙肝表面抗体及乙肝核心抗体的流行率]

[Infections caused by hepatitis virus A and B in hospital personnel. Prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis virus A, HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc].

作者信息

Trivello R, Castagnari L, Gasparini V, Naccarato R, Marcati F, Renzulli G, Chiaramonte M

出版信息

Ann Sclavo. 1981 May-Jun;23(3):260-74.

Abstract

In order to evaluate the risk of hepatitis A and B virus infection among hospital staff in our area, 584 medical and paramedical employees of the Hospital of Ferrara (Italy) were studied for the presence of anti-HAV, HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc serum. HAV infection was found to be less frequent among medical and nursing staff than the general population, matched for age (78.6% vs 72.2%) indicating that HAV spread within the hospital is irrelevant. However, the evidence of HBV infection is higher in hospital staff than in the general population (37.6% vs 23.0%) with a maximum prevalence in surgeons and in the operating-theatre staff, followed by nurses (both from surgical and medical wards) and physicians. The prevalence in auxiliary staff is not significantly higher than in the general population. The incidence of antibodies against HBV (anti-HBs and anti-HBc) increases with age and duration of employment, while the prevalence reaches a maximum during the initial years. The anti-HBc testing allowed for the detection of further 10% of subjects evidencing previous HBV infection.

摘要

为评估我们地区医院工作人员感染甲型和乙型肝炎病毒的风险，对意大利费拉拉医院的584名医疗及医护辅助人员进行了抗甲型肝炎病毒（anti-HAV）、乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）、抗乙型肝炎表面抗体（anti-HBs）和抗乙型肝炎核心抗体（anti-HBc）血清检测。结果发现，与年龄匹配的普通人群相比，医疗和护理人员中甲型肝炎病毒感染的发生率较低（78.6%对72.2%），这表明甲型肝炎病毒在医院内的传播并不显著。然而，医院工作人员中乙型肝炎病毒感染的证据高于普通人群（37.6%对23.0%），其中外科医生和手术室工作人员的患病率最高，其次是护士（外科和内科病房的护士）和医生。辅助人员的患病率与普通人群相比无显著差异。抗乙型肝炎病毒抗体（anti-HBs和anti-HBc）的发生率随年龄和工作年限的增加而上升，而患病率在最初几年达到最高。抗HBc检测使另外10%曾感染过乙型肝炎病毒的受试者得以被发现。