Couri D, Milks M
Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1982;22:145-66. doi: 10.1146/annurev.pa.22.040182.001045.
Human exposure to hexacarbon compounds is quite pervasive, including occupational exposures to industrial solvents as well as unintentional and sometimes deliberate exposures to hexacarbon solvents contained in innumerable commercial products. The exact mechanism of hexacarbon neurotoxicity has not yet been identified, but an interference with neuronal axoplasmic flow seems most likely. Metabolism of n-hexane and 2-hexanone to 2,5-hexanedione is a prominent feature which appears to be causally related to the neuropathologic syndrome, and mixed solvent effects have been noted in regard to potentiation of hexacarbon neurotoxicity. Continued effort in investigating the chemically induced peripheral neuropathy is essential not only to define the precise molecular mechanism, but to advance our basic understanding of other polyneuropathies as well. Ultimately, progress in these areas should yield such benefits as early diagnosis of potential neuropathology, better measures for the prevention of neurotoxicities, and more effective modalities of treatment. Indeed, sustained research efforts are imperative in maintaining human health and safety throughout our current era of advancing global technology.
人类接触六碳化合物的情况相当普遍，包括职业性接触工业溶剂，以及无意甚至有时是故意接触无数商业产品中所含的六碳溶剂。六碳化合物神经毒性的确切机制尚未确定，但最有可能的是对神经元轴浆流动的干扰。正己烷和2-己酮代谢为2,5-己二酮是一个显著特征，似乎与神经病理综合征有因果关系，并且在六碳化合物神经毒性的增强方面已注意到混合溶剂效应。持续努力研究化学诱导的周围神经病变不仅对于确定精确的分子机制至关重要，而且对于增进我们对其他多发性神经病的基本理解也很重要。最终，这些领域的进展应带来诸如早期诊断潜在神经病理学、更好的预防神经毒性措施以及更有效的治疗方式等益处。事实上，在我们当前全球技术不断进步的时代，持续的研究努力对于维护人类健康和安全至关重要。
