Krantz D S
J Human Stress. 1980 Sep;6(3):27-38. doi: 10.1080/0097840x.1980.9936096.
A review of the literature on psychosocial aspects of recovery from heart attack is presented with emphasis on psychological responses experienced by the patient. Several theoretical models have previously been proposed to explain these data: a psychodynamic view stressing the importance of denial as a coping mechanism, and a second perspective emphasizing patients' beliefs about their health status. A third model is proposed based on cognitive appraisal processes (perceived control and predictability) shown experimentally to mediate reactions to stressors in a wide variety of situations. Viewing heart attack as a crisis situation, it is assumed that particular aspects of illness will generally have a less negative impact on physiological and behavioral health outcomes to the extent they are perceived to be predictable and/or controllable. Specific interventions to alter these perceptions are discussed, and mechanisms linking various recovery outcomes are proposed. The validity of this model is examined with reference to existing research and suggestions for future research are made.
本文对心脏病发作康复的社会心理方面的文献进行了综述，重点关注患者所经历的心理反应。此前已提出几种理论模型来解释这些数据：一种心理动力学观点强调否认作为一种应对机制的重要性，另一种观点则强调患者对自身健康状况的信念。基于认知评估过程（感知控制和可预测性）提出了第三种模型，实验表明该过程在各种情况下介导对压力源的反应。将心脏病发作视为一种危机情况，假定疾病的特定方面在被认为是可预测的和/或可控的程度上，通常对生理和行为健康结果的负面影响较小。讨论了改变这些认知的具体干预措施，并提出了将各种康复结果联系起来的机制。参照现有研究检验了该模型的有效性，并对未来研究提出了建议。
