McGahan J P, Phillips H E, Reid M H, Oi R H
Radiology. 1982 Feb;142(2):481-5. doi: 10.1148/radiology.142.2.7054842.
Retroplacental hemorrhage (RPH), or abruptio placentae, usually occurs in the third trimester of pregnancy and may or may not be clinically significant. Sonographic criteria necessary for diagnosis of RPH include visualization of a linear or biconcave, and usually well-marginated mixed echogenic or anechoic region posterior to the placenta. Large areas of hemorrhage may cause bulging of the chorionic plate while small areas may be difficult to discern with routine scanning. Secondary signs of RPH include associated intraplacental anechoic regions secondary to bleeding or infarction and visualization of intra-amniotic hemorrhage. In this report, nine cases of pathologically confirmed RPH are reviewed. Also reviewed are normal and other pathological conditions of the placenta which may mimic RPH but should not be confused with the sonographic diagnosis.
胎盘后出血（RPH），即胎盘早剥，通常发生在妊娠晚期，其临床意义可能有也可能没有。诊断RPH所需的超声标准包括在胎盘后方可见线性或双凹形、通常边界清晰的混合回声或无回声区。大面积出血可能导致绒毛膜板膨出，而小面积出血在常规扫描时可能难以辨别。RPH的次要征象包括继发于出血或梗死的胎盘内无回声区以及羊膜腔内出血的可视化。在本报告中，回顾了9例经病理证实的RPH病例。还回顾了胎盘的正常及其他病理情况，这些情况可能与RPH相似，但不应与超声诊断相混淆。
