Amarnani S H, Powell R W
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1982 Jan;43(1):49-53. doi: 10.1080/15298668291409352.
Early evaluation of process plants, such as the Claus-type SRU (sulfur recovery unit), in the design stage not only minimizes worker exposure to toxic chemicals and noise, but also reduces costs for retrofit engineering controls. The Claus-type SRU converts the hydrogen sulfide in refinery acid gas into elemental sulfur. In the process, the SRU handles toxic gases containing high concentrations of H2S, SO2, and other sulfur compounds. These gases can be emitted into the worker's breathing zone during start-ups, shutdowns, routine operations, emergencies, and turnarounds. This paper describes the Claus-type sulfur recovery process, the potential sources of worker exposure to toxic chemicals and noise, and the engineering controls that should be adopted at the plant design stage to minimize the risks of worker exposure. Engineering controls include improved pump seals and a choice of sample configurations based on the physical form and concentration of H2S in the process lines.
在设计阶段对工艺装置（如克劳斯型硫磺回收装置（SRU））进行早期评估，不仅能将工人接触有毒化学品和噪音的程度降至最低，还能降低改造工程控制的成本。克劳斯型硫磺回收装置将炼油酸性气体中的硫化氢转化为元素硫。在此过程中，硫磺回收装置会处理含有高浓度硫化氢、二氧化硫和其他硫化合物的有毒气体。在启动、停机、日常操作、紧急情况和检修期间，这些气体会排放到工人的呼吸区域。本文描述了克劳斯型硫磺回收工艺、工人接触有毒化学品和噪音的潜在来源，以及在工厂设计阶段应采用的工程控制措施，以将工人接触风险降至最低。工程控制措施包括改进泵密封以及根据工艺管道中硫化氢的物理形态和浓度选择采样配置。
