Proton permeability of liposomes from natural phospholipid mixtures.

A method to determine the proton permeability coefficient of phospholipid membrane with the fluorescent probe pyranine is described. Very high proton permeability coefficients of liposomes from natural extracts are measured with great accuracy. The proton permeability appears to be linearly related to the fluidity of the bilayers. This relation as well as the comparison of the activation energies of proton permeability and fluidity support the hypothesis (Nichols J.W. and Deamer D.W. (1980) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77, 2038--2042) of a transfer process along a network of hydrogen bonded water molecules. It is suggested that the common lipid characteristics of biological membranes (net surface charge and unsaturation) favor a high proton permeability.