Windley P G, Scheidt R J
J Gerontol. 1982 Mar;37(2):235-42. doi: 10.1093/geronj/37.2.235.
The present study models the impact of three domains of environmental variables (ecological/architectural, psychosocial, and personal) on the mental health and well-being of 989 community-based rural elderly (65 years or older) in 18 small Kansas towns. Utilizing standard structured interview data, we employed a holdout sample strategy to test a path model that posited three psychosocial variables as partially mediating the predictive relations of two ecological/architectural and three personal variables with mental health. Results of tests of the model confirmed the statistical reliability (p less than .05) of all relations posited for mental health, with perceived environmental constriction, satisfaction with dwelling features, and satisfaction with community serving as the largest predictors. Results showed the decreasing predictive efficacy of the model for other dimensions of well-being (activity, security, contact with friends, contact with relatives). Strengths and weaknesses of the model relevant to conceptual, emphirical, and interventive pursuits are discussed.
本研究对环境变量的三个领域（生态/建筑、心理社会和个人）对堪萨斯州18个小镇的989名社区农村老年人（65岁及以上）的心理健康和幸福感的影响进行了建模。利用标准结构化访谈数据，我们采用了留存样本策略来测试一个路径模型，该模型假定三个心理社会变量部分介导了两个生态/建筑变量和三个个人变量与心理健康之间的预测关系。模型测试结果证实了所有假定的与心理健康相关关系的统计可靠性（p小于0.05），其中感知到的环境限制、对居住特征的满意度以及对社区的满意度是最大的预测因素。结果表明，该模型对幸福感其他维度（活动、安全感、与朋友的联系、与亲属的联系）的预测效力在下降。讨论了该模型在概念、实证和干预方面的优点和不足。
