Hoy M G, Whiting W C, Zernicke R F
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1982 Feb;63(2):74-82.
As a few quantitative data exist characterizing the gait of child lower extremity amputee (CLEA), this study provides such data by examining selected kinematic and kinetic variables during locomotion. Five unilateral CLEA were analyzed in an experimental design which comprised 3 different speeds of walking, 2 types of prosthetic feet (SACH-foot and an experimental CAPP-foot), and normal versus prosthetic limbs for a total of 104 trials. Cinematographic data and footprint information where used to quantify walking speed and uniplanar lower extremity angles. A rigid-body, linked model was used to evaluate the extent and range to thigh and leg motion and moments of force at the knee joint. The kinematic and kinetic characteristics of CLEA gait were affected significantly by variations in walking speed. Stride length, step length, and walking velocity decreased and stride width increased when the children used the experimental foot component; as speed of walking increased, stride length and step length increased with both prosthetic feet. Foot angles increased with walking velocity except for fast walking with the experimental foot component. Joint angles were significantly different between the normal and prosthetic limb. The only significant limb angle differences between the 2 prosthetic feet were in maximum hip flexion and the total range of thigh movement; the experimental foot elicited less hip flexion and and smaller range of thigh movement.
由于关于儿童下肢截肢者（CLEA）步态的定量数据较少，本研究通过检查运动过程中选定的运动学和动力学变量来提供此类数据。在一项实验设计中分析了5名单侧CLEA，该设计包括3种不同的步行速度、2种类型的假脚（SACH脚和实验性CAPP脚）以及正常肢体与假肢，总共进行了104次试验。使用电影摄影数据和足迹信息来量化步行速度和单平面下肢角度。使用刚体链接模型来评估大腿和小腿运动的程度和范围以及膝关节处的力矩。步行速度的变化对CLEA步态的运动学和动力学特征有显著影响。当儿童使用实验性足部组件时，步幅、步长和步行速度降低，步宽增加；随着步行速度增加，两种假脚的步幅和步长均增加。除了使用实验性足部组件快速行走外，足部角度随步行速度增加。正常肢体和假肢之间的关节角度存在显著差异。两种假脚之间唯一显著的肢体角度差异在于最大髋关节屈曲和大腿运动的总范围；实验性假脚引起的髋关节屈曲较少，大腿运动范围较小。
